REPORTABLE
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
CIVIL APPEAL Nos. 5131-5133 OF 2016
(Arising out of SLP (CIVIL) Nos. 2210-2212/2011)
EITZEN BULK A/S …. APPELLANT (S)
VERSUS
ASHAPURA MINECHEM LTD. & ANR. …. RESPONDENT(S)
WITH
CIVIL APPEAL No. 5136 OF 2016
(Arising out of SLP (CIVIL) No. 3959/2012)
ASHAPURA MINECHEM LTD. …. APPELLANT (S)
VERSUS
EITZEN BULK A/S ….RESPONDENT(S)
WITH
SLP (CIVIL) No. ………../2016
(Arising out of CC NO. 3266/2013)
ASHAPURA MINECHEM LTD. …. PETITIONER (S)
VERSUS
ARMADA (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD. …. RESPONDENT(S)
WITH
SLP (CIVIL) No. ………../2016
(Arising out of CC NO. 3382/2013)
ASHAPURA MINECHEM LTD. …. PETITIONER (S)
VERSUS
ARMADA (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD. …. RESPONDENT(S)
WITH
CIVIL APPEAL Nos. 5134-5135 OF 2016
(Arising out of SLP (CIVIL) Nos. 7562-7563/2016)
ASHAPURA MINECHEM LTD. …. APPELLANT (S)
VERSUS
EITZEN BULK A/S …. RESPONDENT(S)
JUDGEMENT
S. A. BOBDE, J.
Leave granted in SLP (C) Nos.2210-2212/2011, SLP (C)
Nos.3959/2012 and SLP (C) No.7562-7563/2016.
2. The dispute in these appeals, arises out of the Contract of
Affreightment dated 18.1.2008 (hereinafter referred as `the Contract’).
Eitzen Bulk A/S of Denmark (hereinafter referred to as `Eitzen’) entered
into the contract with Ashapura Minechem Limited of Mumbai (hereinafter
referred to as `Ashapura’) as charterers for shipment of bauxite from India
to China. The Charter party contains an Arbitration Clause as follows:-
“Clause No. 28
Any dispute arising under this C.O.A. is to be settled and
referred to Arbitration in London. One Arbitrator to be employed by the
Charterers and one by the Owners and in case they shall not agree then
shall appoint an Umpire whose decision shall be final and binding, the
Arbitrators and Umpire to be Commercial Shipping Men. English Law to
apply. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary agreed in the C.O.A., all
disputes where the amount involved is less then USD 50,000/- (fifty
thousand) the Arbitration shall be conducted in accordance with the Small
Claims Procedure of the L.M.A.A.”
(emphasis supplied)
3. Disputes having arisen between the parties, the matter was
referred to Arbitration by a sole Arbitrator. The Arbitration was held in
London according to English Law. Ashapura Minechem was held liable and
directed to pay a sum of 36,306,104 US$ together with compound interest at
the rate of 3.75 % per annum. In addition they were directed to pay 74,135
US$ together with compound interest at the rate of 3.75% per annum and
another sum of 90,233.66 Pounds together with compound interest at the rate
of 2.5% per annum vide Award of the Sole Arbitrator dated 26.5.2009.
Proceedings in Gujarat
4. Before Arbitration had commenced, Ashapura filed a suit
alongwith an application for injunction before the Civil Judge at Jam-
khambalia, Gujarat praying inter-alia that the Contract and the Arbitration
Clause contained therein was illegal, null and void, ab-initio. Though
initially an interim injunction was granted, the learned Civil Judge
dismissed the suit for want of jurisdiction vide order dated 12.1.2009.
The appeal filed by Ashapura before the Gujarat High Court was dismissed as
withdrawn on 2.7.2009.
5. In London, Mr. Tim Marshal, who was appointed as Arbitrator,
held that Ashapura was in repudiatory breach and awarded Eitzen Bulk an
amount of 36,306,104.00 $ plus interest, as stated above.
6. Having failed to stall the Arbitration and then having failed
in the Arbitration proceedings, Ashapura resorted to Section 34 of the
Arbitration Act and filed objections in India in respect of the Award
passed in London. These proceedings were filed before the District Judge,
Jamnagar for setting aside the Foreign Award made in London. A Misc. Civil
Application No. 101/2009 for injunction restricting Eitzen Bulk from
enforcing the Award in foreign jurisdictions outside India was also moved.
The District Judge, Jamnagar on 24.8.2009 dismissed the application for
injunction seeking restraint on enforcement of the Award.
7. From 14.7.2009 to 3.8.2009 Eitzen applied for enforcement of
the Award in the countries of Netherlands, USA, Belgium, UK. The Courts in
various jurisdictions have held the Award to be enforceable as a judgment
of the Court.
8. On 14th July, 2009, the appellant filed proceedings in
Netherlands Court seeking a declaration that the award dated 26th May, 2009
is enforceable as a judgment of the Court. The respondent appeared in the
said proceedings and filed their objections. The Netherlands Court,
however, declared that the award is enforceable as a judgment of the Court
on 17th March, 2010.
9. On 24th July, 2009, the United States District Court for Southern
State of New York declared the award dated 26th May, 2009 enforceable as a
judgment of that court. The proceedings filed by the appellant were
contested by the respondent.
10. On 27th July, 2009, the appellant filed present proceedings under
Sections 47 to 49 of Part II of the Arbitration Act for enforcing the award
dated 26th May, 2009 on the ground that the respondent was carrying on
business within the jurisdiction of this Court and has its registered
office and corporate office and assets within the territorial jurisdiction
of this Court.
11. On 29th July, 2009, the Antwerp Court declared the award dated 26th
May, 2009 enforceable as a judgment of the Court. The said proceedings
were contested by the respondent. On 3rd August, 2009, the English High
Court declared the award dated 26th May, 2009 enforceable as a judgment of
the Court.
12. Against the rejection of the application for injunction Ashapura
filed a petition under Articles 226 and 227 of the Constitution of India
before the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmadabad for a Writ of Certiorari to
quash and set aside the Order dated 24.8.2009 rendered by the District
Judge, Jam-Khambalia and for a direction not to enforce the execution of
the judgment dated 24.7.2009. Ashapura inter-alia contended that the Award
cannot be enforced or executed since their objections under Section 34 were
pending. A learned Single Judge who heard the petition however, observed
that the issues before him were inextricably connected with the issues of
jurisdiction of the Court in the Section 34 application and the contentions
of Eitzen opposing the said Section 34 application. The Single Judge,
therefore, set aside the Order dated 24.8.2009 and remanded the matter for
fresh decision in accordance with law by Order dated 3.9.2009. In Letters
Patent Appeal filed by Eitzen the Division Bench of the High Court of
Gujarat directed the District Judge to consider all contentions by its
Order dated 29.10.2009.
13. Eitzen however questioned the very jurisdiction of a Court in India
to decide objections under Section 34 of the Arbitration Act in respect of
a Foreign Award by way of a Writ Petition. They prayed for issue of a Writ
of Prohibition and an Order restraining the learned District Judge at Jam-
Khambhalia from adjudicating Ashapura’s application under Section 34 of the
Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 against the Foreign Award dated
26.5.2009.
14. A learned Single Judge issued notice and stayed further proceedings
before the Jamnagar Court on 20.11.2009. Ashapura however filed LPA No.
2469 of 2009 challenging the Order of the learned Single Judge dated
20.11.2009. The Division Bench which heard the appeal has held by Judgment
and Order dated 22.9.2010, that Ashapura is entitled to challenge the
Foreign Award under Section 34 of Part I of the Arbitration Act. It has
further held that the territorial jurisdiction is a mixed question of fact
and law and is required to be decided by the
Trial Court on the basis of the Plaint and Written Statement
and Evidence before it. This judgment was questioned by way of SLP (C) Nos.
2210-2212 of 2011 filed by Eitzen.
Proceedings in Maharashtra
15. On 27.7.2009, Eitzen filed Arbitration Petition No. 561/2009
under Sections 47 to 49 of the Arbitration Act for enforcing the Foreign
Award in the Bombay High Court, within whose jurisdiction Ashapura carries
on business and has a registered office. The Award was also received by
Ashapura within the jurisdiction of the Bombay High Court. This petition
for enforcement was filed on the basis that Part I of the Arbitration Act
has no application to a Foreign Award made in London under English Law.
The petition for enforcement of a Foreign Award was accompanied by Notice
of Motion No. 3143 of 2009 under Section 49 (3) of the Arbitration Act for
securing their claim under the ex-parte Award dated 26.5.2009.
16. The learned Single Judge held that since the parties had agreed that
the juridical seat of the Arbitration in this case would be at London and
English Law would apply there was an express and in any case an implied,
exclusion of Part I of the Arbitration Act.
17. Ashapura filed Notice of Motion No. 3975 of 2009 claiming that since
proceedings had already been initiated under Part I before the Gujarat High
Court, the Bombay High Court had no jurisdiction in the matter by virtue of
Section 42 of the Arbitration Act. A learned Single Judge of the Bombay
High Court vide order dated 05.10.2011 dismissed the Notice of Motion and
held that Part I of the Arbitration Act was excluded by the parties and
therefore Section 42, which occurs in Part I, had no application to the
present case. The learned Single Judge also directed that the petition be
heard on merits. This decision is questioned by Ashapura in SLP (C) No.
3959 of 2012.
18. The learned Single Judge of the Bombay High Court has allowed
Arbitration Petition No. 561 of 2009 of Eitzen for enforcing the Foreign
Award dated 26.5.2009.
19. As a preliminary objection, it was contented before the Bombay High
Court that this Court had passed an Order on 27.2.2012 ordering status quo
on further proceedings and, therefore, the Hon’ble Court ought not to
proceed in the matter. That this Order was to operate upto 16.4.2012 and
was thereafter extended till 22.8.2012. The High Court rejected this
contention on the ground that the Order of status quo had not been
extended. We have examined the matter and find that there was no Order of
this Court restraining the High Court from hearing the matter in October,
2015.
20. The High Court has also rejected the contention of Ashapura under
Section 42[1] of the Arbitration Act, rightly; that since an application
under Section 34 of the Arbitration Act, which is an application
contemplated by Part I of the Arbitration Act, has been made before the
Court in Gujarat and that Court alone has jurisdiction over the Arbitration
proceedings and all subsequent applications must be made to that Court
alone. This contention was rejected by the High Court on the ground that
Section 42 occurs in Part I of the Arbitration Act and in its view since
Part I itself had no application to the Foreign Award, Section 42 would
have no application either. The moot question thus arises is whether
Part I of the Arbitration Act has any application to the Foreign Award in
this case where the proceedings were held in London and the Arbitration was
governed by English Law.
Before this Court
21. We thus have, on the one hand, the decision of the Gujarat High Court
holding that a Court in India has jurisdiction under Section 34 to decide
objections raised in respect of a Foreign Award because Part I of the
Arbitration Act is not excluded from operation in respect of a Foreign
Award and on the other, a decision of the Bombay High Court holding that
Part I is excluded from operation in case of a Foreign Award and thereupon
directing enforcement of the Award. The decisions of the Gujarat High Court
are questioned by Eitzen by way of SLP (C) Nos.2210-2212/2011. The
decisions of the Bombay High Court are questioned by Ashapura by way of SLP
(C) Nos.7562-7563/2016. Interim order dated 05.10.2011 passed by the High
Court of Judicature at Bombay in Notice of Motion No. 3975 of 2009 in
Arbitration Petition No. 561 of 2009 is under challenge in appeal arising
out of SLP (C) No. 3959 of 2012.
22. Apparently Ashapura had a similar dispute with Armada (Singapore)
Pvt. Ltd. Armada had, similarly filed an application for enforcement of
the foreign award in its favour under Section 42 of the Arbitration Act
being Arbitration Petition Nos.1359 and 1360 of 2010 before the Bombay High
Court. Ashapura has raised similar objection to the enforcement of the
Foreign Award by way of Notice of Motion. By Notices of Motion Nos. 2390
and 2444 of 2012 Ashapura had contended that the Bombay High Court cannot
entertain the application in view of the Section 42 of the Arbitration Act.
Both these Notices of Motion
were dismissed by the learned Single Judge of the Bombay High
Court. Ashapura has challenged the said dismissal by way of filing
SLP Nos.….of 2016 [CC Nos.3266 and 3382 of 2013] before this Court.
23. It may be noted at the outset that since proceedings under the Sick
Industrial Companies (Special Provisions) Act, 1985 (for short, the SICA
Act) are pending before the Board for Industrial and Financial
Reconstruction (BIFR), though the Bombay High Court has ordered execution
of the Award, it has held that Eitzen would not be entitled to take any
step in execution of the Award or seek any relief in violation of Section
22 of the SICA Act without permission from the BIFR.
The main question
24. Thus, the main question on which contentions were advanced by the
learned counsel for the parties is whether Part I of the Arbitration Act is
excluded from its operation in case of a Foreign Award where the
Arbitration is not held in India and is governed by foreign law.
25. Shri Prashant S. Pratap, learned senior counsel appearing for Eitzen
submitted that the main issue is covered by a decision of this Court in
Bhatia International v. Bulk Trading S.A. and another[2] and two recent
decisions of this Court in Union of India v. Reliance Industries Limited
and others[3] and Harmony Innovation Shipping Limited v. Gupta Coal India
Limited and another[4]. We have not considered the decision in the Balco
v. Kaiser Aluminium Technical Services Inc.[5] since the decision in that
case does not govern Arbitration agreements entered prior to 6.9.2012 and
the contract in the instant case is
dated 18.1.2008.
26. According to the learned counsel, Clause 28, which is the Arbitration
Clause in the Contract, clearly stipulates that any dispute under the
Contract “is to be settled and referred to Arbitration in London”. It
further stipulates that English Law to apply. The parties have thus
clearly intended that the Arbitration will be conducted in accordance with
English Law and the seat of the Arbitration will be
at London.
27. The question is whether the above stipulations show the intention of
the parties to expressly or impliedly exclude the provisions of Part I to
the Arbitration, which was to be held outside India, i.e., in London. We
think that the clause evinces such an intention by providing that the
English Law will apply to the Arbitration. The clause expressly provides
that Indian Law or any other law will not apply by positing that English
Law will apply. The intention is that English Law will apply to the
resolution of any dispute arising under the law. This means that English
Law will apply to the conduct of the Arbitration. It must also follow that
any objection to the conduct of the Arbitration or the Award will also be
governed by English Law. Clearly, this implies that the challenge to the
Award must be in accordance with English Law. There is thus an express
exclusion of the applicability of Part I to the instant Arbitration by
Clause 28. In fact, Clause 28 deals with not only the seat of Arbitration
but also provides that there shall be two Arbitrators, one appointed by the
charterers and one by the owners and they shall appoint an Umpire, in case
there is no agreement. In this context, it may be noted that the Indian
Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 makes no provision for Umpires and
the intention is clearly to refer to an Umpire contemplated by Section 21
of the English Arbitration Act, 1996. It is thus clear that the intention
is that the Arbitration should be conducted under the English law, i.e. the
English Arbitration Act, 1996. It may also be noted that Sections 67, 68
and 69 of the English Arbitration Act provide for challenge to an Award on
grounds stated therein. The intention is thus clearly to exclude the
applicability of Part I to the instant Arbitration proceedings.
28. This is a case where two factors exclude the operation of Part I of
the Arbitration Act. Firstly, the seat of Arbitration which is in London
and secondly the clause that English Law will apply. In fact, such a
situation has been held to exclude the applicability of Part I in a case
where a similar clause governed the Arbitration. In Reliance Industries
Limited and another v. Union of India[6], this Court referred to judgments
of some other jurisdictions and observed in paragraphs 55 to 57 as follows:-
“55. The effect of choice of seat of arbitration was considered by the
Court of Appeal in C v. D. This judgment has been specifically approved by
this Court in Balco and reiterated in Enercon. In C v. D, the Court of
Appeal has observed: (Bus LR p. 851, para 16)
“Primary conclusion
16. I shall deal with Mr Hirst’s arguments in due course but, in my
judgment, they fail to grapple with the central point at issue which is
whether or not, by choosing London as the seat of the arbitration, the
parties must be taken to have agreed that proceedings on the award should
be only those permitted by English law. In my view they must be taken to
have so agreed for the reasons given by the Judge. The whole purpose of the
balance achieved by the Bermuda form (English arbitration but applying New
York law to issues arising under the policy) is that judicial remedies in
respect of the award should be those permitted by English law and only
those so permitted. Mr Hirst could not say (and did not say) that English
judicial remedies for lack of jurisdiction on procedural irregularities
under Sections 67 and 68 of the 1996 Act were not permitted; he was reduced
to saying that New York judicial remedies were also permitted. That,
however, would be a recipe for litigation and (what is worse) confusion
which cannot have been intended by the parties. No doubt New York law has
its own judicial remedies for want of jurisdiction and serious irregularity
but it could scarcely be supposed that a party aggrieved by one part of an
award could proceed in one jurisdiction and a party aggrieved by another
part of an award could proceed in another jurisdiction. Similarly, in the
case of a single complaint about an award, it could not be supposed that
the aggrieved party could complain in one jurisdiction and the satisfied
party be entitled to ask the other jurisdiction to declare its satisfaction
with the award. There would be a serious risk of parties rushing to get the
first judgment or of conflicting decisions which the parties cannot have
contemplated.”
56. The aforesaid observations in C v. D were subsequently followed by the
High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, Commercial Court (England)
in Sulamerica Cia Nacional de Seguros SA v. Enesa Engelharia SA — Enesa. In
laying down the same proposition, the High Court noticed that the issue in
that case depended upon the weight to be given to the provision in
Condition 12 of the insurance policy that “the seat of the arbitration
shall be London, England”. It was observed that this necessarily carried
with it the English Court’s supervisory jurisdiction over the arbitration
process. It was observed that:
“this follows from the express terms of the Arbitration Act, 1996 and, in
particular, the provisions of Section 2 which provide that Part I of the
Arbitration Act, 1996 applies where the seat of the arbitration is in
England and Wales or Northern Ireland. This immediately establishes a
strong connection between the arbitration agreement itself and the law of
England. It is for this reason that recent authorities have laid stress
upon the locations of the seat of the arbitration as an important factor in
determining the proper law of the arbitration agreement.”
57. In our opinion, these observations in Sulamerica case are fully
applicable to the facts and circumstances of this case. The conclusion
reached by the High Court would lead to the chaotic situation where the
parties would be left rushing between India and England for redressal of
their grievances. The provisions of Part I of the Arbitration Act, 1996
(Indian) are necessarily excluded; being wholly inconsistent with the
arbitration agreement which provides “that arbitration agreement shall be
governed by English law”. Thus the remedy for the respondent to challenge
any award rendered in the arbitration proceedings would lie under the
relevant provisions contained in the Arbitration Act, 1996 of England and
Wales. Whether or not such an application would now be entertained by the
courts in England is not for us to examine, it would have to be examined by
the court of competent jurisdiction in England.”
29. We are in agreement with the above observation and in this
clause 28 in the present case must be intended to have a similar effect
that is to exclude the applicability of Part I of the Indian Arbitration
and Conciliation Act since the parties have chosen London as the seat of
Arbitration and further provided that the Arbitration shall be governed by
English Law. In this case the losing side has relentlessly resorted to
apparent remedies for stalling the execution of the Award and in fact even
attempted to prevent Arbitration. This case has become typical of cases
where even the fruits of Arbitration are interminably delayed. Even
though it has been settled law for quite some time that Part I is excluded
where parties choose that the seat of Arbitration is outside India and the
Arbitration should be governed by the law of a foreign country.
30. Mr. Divan attempted to persuade us to accept the possibility
that Part I is not excluded and in any case not wholly excluded in such a
case, but the law is too well settled and with good reasons, for us to take
any other view. We do not wish to endorse “a recipe for litigation and
(what is worse) confusion”[7].
31. When the judgment in Reliance was sought to be indirectly
reviewed in another case under the same agreement and between the same
parties, this Court reiterated its earlier view and observed in Union of
India v. Reliance Industries Limited and others in para 18 as follows:-
“18. It is important to note that in para 32 of Bhatia International itself
this Court has held that Part I of the Arbitration Act, 1996 will not apply
if it has been excluded either expressly or by necessary implication.
Several judgments of this Court have held that Part I is excluded by
necessary implication if it is found that on the facts of a case either the
juridical seat of the arbitration is outside India or the law governing the
arbitration agreement is a law other than Indian law. This is now well
settled by a series of decisions of this Court [see Videocon Industries
Ltd. v. Union of India, Dozco India (P) Ltd. v. Doosan Infracore Co. Ltd.,
Yograj Infrastructure Ltd. v. Ssang Yong Engg. and Construction Co. Ltd.,
the very judgment in this case reported in Reliance Industries Ltd. v.
Union of India and a recent judgment in Harmony Innovation Shipping Ltd. v.
Gupta Coal India Ltd.].”
We see no reason to take a different view. In Bhatia International’s
case, this Court concluded as follows:
“To conclude, we hold that the provisions of Part I would apply to all
arbitrations and to all proceedings relating thereto. Where such
arbitration is held in India the provisions of Part I would compulsorily
apply and parties are free to deviate only to the extent permitted by the
derogable provisions of Part I. In cases of international commercial
arbitrations held out of India provisions of Part I would apply unless the
parties by agreement, express or implied, exclude all or any of its
provisions. In that case the laws or rules chosen by the parties would
prevail. Any provision, in Part I, which is contrary to or excluded by that
law or rules will not apply.”
32. We are thus of the view that by Clause 28, the parties chose to
exclude the application of Part I to the Arbitration proceedings between
them by choosing London as the venue for Arbitration and by making English
law applicable to Arbitration, as observed earlier. It is too well settled
by now that where the parties choose a juridical seat of Arbitration
outside India and provide that the law which governs Arbitration will be a
law other than Indian law, part I of the Act would not have any application
and, therefore, the award debtor would not be entitled to challenge the
award by raising objections under Section 34 before a Court in India. A
Court in India could not have jurisdiction to entertain such objections
under Section 34 in such a case.
33. As a matter of fact the mere choosing of the juridical seat of
Arbitration attracts the law applicable to such location. In other words
it would not be necessary to specify which law would apply to the
Arbitration proceedings, since the law of the particular country would
apply ipso jure. The following passage from Redfern and Hunter on
International Arbitration contains the following explication of the issue:-
“It is also sometimes said that parties have selected the procedural law
that will govern their arbitration, by providing for arbitration in a
particular country. This is too elliptical and, as an English court itself
held more recently in Breas of Doune Wind Farm it does not always hold
true. What the parties have done is to choose a place of arbitration in a
particular country. That choice brings with it submission to the laws of
that country, including any mandatory provisions of its law on arbitration.
To say that the parties have ‘chosen’ that particular law to govern the
arbitration is rather like saying that an English woman who takes her car
to France has ‘chosen’ French traffic law, which will oblige her to drive
on the right-hand side of the road, to give priority to vehicles
approaching from the right, and generally to obey traffic laws to which she
may not be accustomed. But it would be an odd use of language to say this
notional motorist had opted for ‘French traffic law’. What she has done is
to choose to go to France. The applicability of French law then follows
automatically. It is not a matter of choice.
Parties may well choose a particular place of arbitration precisely because
its lex arbitri is one which they find attractive. Nevertheless, once a
place of arbitration has been chosen, it brings with it its own law. If
that law contains provisions that are mandatory so far as arbitration are
concerned, those provisions must be obeyed. It is not a matter of choice
any more than the notional motorist is free to choose which local traffic
laws to obey and which to disregard.”
34. In this view of the matter, the judgment of the Gujarat High Court
holding that Ashapura’s objections under Section 34 of the Arbitration Act
are tenable before a Court in India that is the Court at Jam-Khambalia,
Gujarat is contrary to law. The proceedings under Section 34, which occurs
in Part I, are liable to be dismissed as untenable. The Civil Appeals of
Eitzen are liable to succeed and are, therefore, allowed. The judgment of
the Bombay High Court dated 03.12.2015 enforcing the Foreign Award under
Part II of the Arbitration Act is correct and liable to be upheld.
35. In view of the above findings, appeals filed by Eitzen Bulk A/S,
arising out of SLP (C) Nos. 2210-2212 of 2011 are allowed; appeals filed
by Ashapura Minechem Ltd., arising out of SLP (C) Nos. 7562-7563 of 2016
are dismissed; appeal arising out of SLP (C) No. 3959 of 2012 (filed by
Ashapura Minechem Ltd.) is dismissed.
36. Permission to file SLP (C) No.…of 2016 [CC No. 3266 of 2013 – filed
by Ashapura Minechem Ltd.] and SLP (C) No….of 2016 [CC No. 3382 of 2013 –
filed by Ashapura Minechem Ltd.] is rejected. No costs.
……………….………….…..J.[FAKKIR MOHAMED IBRAHIM KALIFULLA]
……………….………J.[S.A. BOBDE]
NEW DELHI,
MAY 13, 2016
———————–
[1] Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Part or in any
other law for the time being in force, where with respect to an arbitration
agreement any application under this Part has been made in a Court, that
Court alone shall have jurisdiction over the arbitral proceedings and all
subsequent applications arising out of that agreement and the arbitral
proceedings shall be made in that Court and in no other Court.
[2] (2002) 4 SCC 105
[3] (2015) 10 SCC 213
[4] (2015) 9 SCC 172
[5] (2012) 9 SCC 552
[6] 2014 (7) SCC 603
[7] C vs. D (2008 Bus LR 843)
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